Nat Commun:实验性药物为预防癌症复发带来了希望

2020-04-16 生物探索 生物探索

一种临床上具有良好耐受性的药物,可以防止小鼠复发癌症。

癌症研究的最大挑战之一是如何防止已接受治疗的患者复发,复发的原因是某些癌细胞能够存活下来并生长成新的肿瘤。英国弗朗西斯·克里克研究所的研究人员发表在《Nature Communications》上的文章中,确定了一种临床上具有良好耐受性的药物,可以防止小鼠复发癌症。

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15615-z

这种实验性药物名为Quisinostat,它通过增加肿瘤细胞内组蛋白H1.0的量来起作用,H1.0是一种抑制多种癌症类型癌细胞自我更新的肿瘤抑制因子。研究小组在小鼠的肿瘤中测试了该药物,发现它可以在对小鼠进行初步治疗后阻止肿瘤的再生长,并且,当对取自乳腺癌、肺癌或胰腺癌患者的细胞进行测试时,癌细胞被困在非分裂状态,药物阻止了存活的人类癌细胞在培养物中的扩增。

靶向治疗后小鼠肺肿瘤复发(上图),以及初始治疗后使用Quisinostat治疗的小鼠肺肿瘤无法生长(下图)。图片来源:弗朗西斯·克里克研究所

研究人员希望,如果在进一步的测试和临床试验中被证明有效,这种药物可用于治疗后的患者,以防止任何残留的癌细胞导致疾病复发。Quisinostat的作用是使那些促进癌症长期生长并导致疾病复发的细胞失去活性,在不同的患者、不同的癌症类型之间的差异可能会带来广泛的治疗益处,可能比常用的抑制肿瘤生长的药物更有效。重要的是,这项早期工作还表明Quisionostat可以影响癌细胞,而不会损害健康细胞。

Quisinostat治疗不会损害正常的组织干细胞功能。

研究人员的下一步计划将是了解为什么Quisinostat对健康和恶性细胞具有不同的作用,以及组蛋白H1.0是否能告诉我们是什么使癌细胞区别于干细胞。

原始出处:

Morales Torres, C., Wu, M.Y., Hobor, S. et al. Selective inhibition of cancer cell self-renewal through a Quisinostat-histone H1.0 axis. Nat Commun 11, 1792 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15615-z.

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    2021-03-01 liuli5079
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    2020-04-25 liye789132251
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    2020-04-18 jeanqiuqiu

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