Clin Chem:基于扩增子序列的无创胎儿基因分型法检测rhd阳性和D抗原阴性等位基因

2019-10-23 MedSci MedSci原创

为了避免母体对胎儿Rh抗原产生的同种抗体导致胎儿和新生儿溶血性疾病,在日本,抗d免疫球蛋白常用于rhd阴性孕妇。采用游离DNA进行胎儿RHD基因分型可避免不必要的抗体给药。然而,目前基于PCR检测RHD缺失的方法并不能解决非白人群体中RHD阳性D抗原阴性等位基因比例较高的问题。

为了避免母体对胎儿Rh抗原产生的同种抗体导致胎儿和新生儿溶血性疾病,在日本,抗d免疫球蛋白常用于rhd阴性孕妇。采用游离DNA进行胎儿RHD基因分型可避免不必要的抗体给药。然而,目前基于PCR检测RHD缺失的方法并不能解决非白人群体中RHD阳性D抗原阴性等位基因比例较高的问题。

本研究建立了一种扩增子测序方法,使用从孕妇血浆中提取的游离DNA可以从日本人群中4个主要的RHD等位基因中估计出父母遗传的胎儿RHD等位基因的类型:D抗原阳性等位基因(RHD*01, 92.9%)3抗原阴性等位基因(RHD*01N.01, 6.6%; RHD*01EL.01, 0.3%; RHD*01N.04, 0.1%) 。研究发现,即使RhD阴性孕妇具有RhD阳性的D抗原阴性等位基因:RhD *01EL,该方法也能正确判断胎儿RhD类型:01RHD * 01 n.04

研究表明,该方法是一种可靠的无创胎儿RHD基因分型方法。利用相同的引物对扩增2个不同区域,并在随后的过程中通过它们的序列差异进行区分的基因分型原理,在理论上也适用于非洲普遍存在的rhd阳性、D抗原阴性等位基因。因此,该方法为东亚和非洲国家的RHD阴性孕妇提供了考虑靶向给药抗d免疫球蛋白的可能,并提高了几个欧洲国家在全国范围内实施的胎儿RHD基因分型的特异性。

原始出处:

Ken Takahashi, Ohsuke Migita,Amplicon Sequencing-Based Noninvasive Fetal Genotyping for RHD-Positive D Antigen-Negative Alleles

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