Nature:机体老化或影响黑色素瘤的疗法效应

2016-04-07 佚名 生物谷

随着机体老化,机体的细胞中会积累损伤同时出现慢性炎症发生,而随之而来的就是机体的癌症风险也会增加;近日刊登于国际著名杂志Nature上的一项研究论文中,来自美国宾夕法尼亚大学威斯达研究所(Wistar Institute)的研究人员通过研究发现,老化的黑色素肿瘤细胞或许在行为上与“年轻”的肿瘤细胞或许并不相同。 微环境的改变会使得老化的肿瘤细胞更加易于转移并且对靶向疗法更加耐受,而在某些研究发

随着机体老化,机体的细胞中会积累损伤同时出现慢性炎症发生,而随之而来的就是机体的癌症风险也会增加;近日刊登于国际著名杂志Nature上的一项研究论文中,来自美国宾夕法尼亚大学威斯达研究所(Wistar Institute)的研究人员通过研究发现,老化的黑色素肿瘤细胞或许在行为上与“年轻”的肿瘤细胞或许并不相同。

微环境的改变会使得老化的肿瘤细胞更加易于转移并且对靶向疗法更加耐受,而在某些研究发现中,科学家们就揭示了抗氧化剂如何治疗老年黑色素瘤患者。研究者Ashani Weeraratna博士指出,有意思的是,微环境会对肿瘤的转移以及对靶向疗法的反应带来深远的影响和效应,这也就告诉我们没有肿瘤是处于“孤岛”状态的,甚至靶向作用肿瘤驱动突变的疗法也会被肿瘤细胞和微环境之间的“沟通”方式所影响。

黑色素瘤是一种恶性的皮肤癌,恶性患者在诊断后5年的生存率仅为20%;在最近几年里多种治疗黑色素瘤的新型疗法相继获批,但接受治疗的患者最终病情会复发,而且机体肿瘤对疗法都产生了耐受性。

本文研究中,研究者首次分析研究了肿瘤细胞微环境中年龄相关改变的发生,皮肤成纤维细胞可以帮助皮肤从损伤中恢复过来,同时也会促进黑色素瘤细胞的生长和侵袭,文章中研究者利用25-35岁或55-65岁的健康个体机体中的皮肤成纤维细胞进行研究来阐明是什么因子促进了老化黑色素瘤细胞群体异于“年轻”的细胞群体。

研究者发现,在老化的黑色素瘤细胞中存在一种名为sFRP2的分泌型因子,SFRP2可以调节另外一种名为β-连环蛋白的特殊蛋白,β-连环蛋白可以阻断黑色素瘤细胞的侵袭,此外β-连环蛋白的缺失也可以帮助促进某些类型细胞的氧化性应激反应;研究者指出,在老化的微环境中游离氧自由基的水平较低,这就会引发活性氧水平增加,同时机体老化诱导的β-连环蛋白的缺失会使得黑色素瘤细胞减少处理活性氧的频率,从而产生遗传不稳定状态的肿瘤细胞。

随后研究人员指出,他们还在疗法耐受性的老年黑色素瘤患者机体中发现活性氧水平的增加以及β-连环蛋白水平的降低,而这也会促进患者对抑制BRAF基因的药物产生耐受;研究者还揭示了抗氧化剂如何可以高效治疗老年黑色素瘤患者,名为N-乙酰半胱氨酸的抗氧化剂就可以杀灭老化的皮肤成纤维细胞中黑色素瘤细胞。研究者Amanpreet Kaur说道,本文研究对于我们开发适合年龄方式的黑色素瘤治疗策略提供了一定思路,随着其它研究相继证实抗氧化剂可以有效治疗BRAF突变的癌症,我们也有大量证据阐明老年患者如何因新型的靶向疗法而获益。如今研究者们希望寻求生物技术及药物研究的科学家们来进行联合研究从而更加深入地理解肿瘤微环境对靶向疗法的效应和影响。

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    2016-08-27 liye789132251
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    2016-09-16 sunylz
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    2016-04-27 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    学习!

    0

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    2016-04-14 李继凯

    值得学习

    0

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    2016-04-14 李继凯

    高大上的文章

    0

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