肺结核大咯血合并强直性脊柱炎患者强直性脊柱炎1例

2018-04-28 管永荣 姚猛飞 张文龙 临床军医杂志

患者男性,38岁,体质量30kg,以“咳嗽、咳痰3年余伴咯血14h”急诊入院。

【一般资料】

患者男性,38岁,体质量30kg

【主诉】

以“咳嗽、咳痰3年余伴咯血14h”急诊入院。

【既往史】

既往强直性脊柱炎病史20余年,未规范治疗;肺结核3年,未规范抗结核治疗。

【辅助检查】

急诊胸部影像学检查示,两上肺及右肺背段结核伴空洞形成,伴真菌感染,两肺野增大片状淡薄模糊影。

【体格检查】

神志清楚,被动体位,半卧位,体形消瘦,颈部屈曲畸形,屈曲约10°,张口活动受限,张口度2横指,甲颏距离约5cm。右侧胸廓畸形。

【治疗】

患者拟急诊行右侧开胸右上中肺切除术,需行气管插管。术前给予苯巴比妥钠100mg,阿托品0.5mg。入室后监测心电图、氧分压、血压计心率,开放有效静脉通道。术前评估患者为困难气道,采用保留自主呼吸的清醒气管插管。插管前于口腔、舌根、咽喉以2%利多卡因充分表面麻醉,静注羟考酮3mg。观察3min后,行环甲膜穿刺,气管内注入2%利多卡因3ml,并瞩患者咳嗽。同时,静脉泵注右美托咪定负荷量1.00μg/kg,10min内注射完毕后以0.25μg/kg的速度维持至插管成功。插管前,备好吸引器、气管切开包,肌松药、抢救药备用。选择35号左侧双腔气管导管,纤支镜及气管导管表面涂以适量无菌石蜡油润滑。左侧腔管套在纤支镜上,助手用麻醉开口器打开口腔,操作者左手握住喉镜操纵部,右手将镜干经开口器沿舌背正中线插入喉咽腔。自监视器观察,寻找会咽,应用方向控制器将声门调至正中。通过声门将喉镜干前端插入左支气管,然后顺势先将双腔管远端的弯曲凹面朝前,通过生门后逆时针旋90°,顺着纤支镜继续推送至左侧支气管并感到有助力后缓慢退出纤支镜。自监视器观察左侧支气管套囊(蓝色)的上缘刚好位于气管隆突下,退出纤支镜。右侧管腔缓慢进入同时,自监视器观察,当支气管导管前端侧孔正对右肺上叶支气管开口时,表示对位良好。嘱助手推顺苯阿曲库铵15mg,打气囊后固定导管并控制呼吸。

原始出处:

管永荣, 姚猛飞, 张文龙. 肺结核大咯血合并强直性脊柱炎患者气管插管1例[J]. 临床军医杂志, 2017, 45(1):108-108.

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    2018-05-27 zywlvao
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    2019-02-05 rgjl
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    2018-04-30 feather80
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    2018-04-29 秀红

    学习了

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